By Ap and Ed Carruthers For Mailonline

Published: 08:57 EDT, 14 September 2023 | Updated: 09:14 EDT, 14 September 2023

Survivors of the most powerful earthquake to hit Morocco in 120 years now face being crushed by boulders dislodged by the tremor, with many forced to sleep outside after entire mountain villages were flattened.

Experts have warned that deadly after-shocks will continue to ravage the country, with seismologists saying more than 25 have already been felt since Friday’s quake – the deadliest in 60 years. 

The death toll has continued to climb as bodies are being pulled from the rubble three days after the 6.8-magnitude quake hit, with officials saying today that at least 2,500 people lost their lives with thousands more injured and missing. 

A mother and her three sons who made it out alive have told of their incredible escape – revealing how they ran from their home in the worst-affected mountainous region mere seconds before it came crashing down.

Khadija Elhil Ali, 32, and her children initially had no idea what was happening when the first tremors began late on Friday night in their tiny hillside village of Asflala, 35 miles south of Marrakech in the Atlas mountains.

‘We soon realised it was an earthquake,’ Khadija told MailOnline, ‘stones were falling in on us from the roof and we knew we must get out. ‘Not long after we did, the whole thing fell down.’ 

Khadija’s husband Hassan, 44, who had been working in Marrakech, arrived home the next morning, overjoyed that his family were safe, but also devastated to see the house which had been in his family for more than a century, reduced to rubble.

Like all the villagers, the couple and their sons, aged 16, 11 and six, are sleeping in tents outside at night, fearful of more after-shocks.

Incredibly, the residents of Asflala escaped without death or serious injury, despite 70 of the 90 homes being destroyed or badly damaged.

‘We are the lucky ones,’ said seasonal worker Hassan, ‘we know that deeper in the mountains entire villages have been wiped out and we pray for them.

‘But I was so shocked when I saw my house in ruins and the street outside blocked by boulders. We will not be able to rebuild this without government help, but so far we’ve heard nothing from them or any charities.

‘They have other priorities for now. ‘

The family’s next-door neighbour Mtouggi Hussein, in his 80s, one of the village’s oldest residents, also lost his house, and now wonders whether he will ever see it rebuilt in his own lifetime.

‘When the earthquake came, I heard voices shouting in the street outside and the lights went out, but people came and helped me out of my house, or I wouldn’t be here today,’ he told MailOnline.

Clambering around the narrow rock-strewn streets and passageways of the village, barely a building appears untouched, with deep cracks forming in the brick and stonework, and huge gaping holes in walls and roofs which were never there before.

Equally worrying, in the hills above the village, huge boulders dislodged by the quake, seem to glower down on the fragile habitations below.

It only underscores the monumental task faced by the Moroccan government in the weeks and months to come, once the immediate work of providing shelter and food is under control.

A little further down the hillside, a family of eight in a more modern house only 20 years old saw the concrete floor drop out of their courtyard, leaving a 15ft deep, 20ft wide chasm to the basement below.

In the rubble were children’s toys and a mud-covered teddy bear.

Father-of-four Hassan Hossa Benali, 42, showed the perilous route to the family kitchen as he stepped gingerly over the void below, balancing on a single plank of wood.

‘We are coming to the house in the daytime to make food, but at nights we sleep in the tents with everyone else,’ he said.

No expert assessment has been made of his creaking house, nor of any of the properties in the village, but they trust that their luck will hold each time they enter to gather belongings from inside the rickety structures.

A few valleys over in Amizmiz, closer to the epicentre of the quake, estimates put the death toll at 2,000 people in that town alone, making the rapidly rising official confirmed total of victims of 2,497 seem extremely conservative.

Moroccans have revealed the traumatising choices they were forced to make as the quake hit late on Friday – with one man saying he watched his parents die as he had a split second to save his 11-year-old son instead.

‘Our house was up there,’ Tayeb ait Ighenbaz told the BBC pointing to a pile of rubble and debris where it once stood. ‘You can see the white blankets and the furniture too. Everything else has gone.’

He said, through tears: ‘I had to choose between my parents and son… I couldn’t help my parents because the wall fell over half of their bodies. It’s so sad. I saw my parents dying.’

Among the luckier ones, Mohamed, a resident of the small town of Moulay Brahim, risked his life to save his wife and two small children, kicking in the door to the room they were trapped in as rubble fell around him.

While the family’s home was heavily damaged and the family have been forced to live in a tent, they told Al Jazeera they are simply grateful to be alive.

Foreign teams have today joined the intensifying race against the clock to rescue any remaining survivors from beneath the rubble of flattened mountain villages. 

British rescuers are among the international operatives assisting, after Rabat announced yesterday it had accepted offers from the UK, Spain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates ‘to send search and rescue teams’.

It noted the foreign teams were in contact with Moroccan authorities to coordinate efforts, and said only four offers had been accepted so far, arguing that ‘a lack of coordination could be counterproductive’.

President Emmanuel Macron said France was willing to provide aid ‘the second’ Morocco requested it.

Around 300,000 people were affected by the quake, the UN has estimated, with many forced to sleep in rural encampments and on the streets of Marrakech for the past three nights.

Terrifying footage shows the moment people ran for their lives as Marrakech was rocked by the powerful magnitude quake, the epicentre of which was around 40 miles away, destroying homes and damaging historic buildings.

But the worst affected areas were the douars, indigenous Amazigh villages in the High Atlas Mountains, which pictures show have been completely razed to the ground in many cases.

With countless people still missing, rescuers are now in a growing race against time to dig any survivors from the rubble of devastated mountain villages, with many admitting that this is now a mission to recover bodies.

A French aid group that specializes in locating people trapped under debris said it is withdrawing an offer to send a nine-person search-and-rescue team after waiting without success for a green light from Morocco to deploy. Rescuers Without Borders’ founder, Arnaud Fraisse, said ‘our role is not to find bodies.’ 

Because homes in quake-hit villages of the High Atlas mountains are typically made of mud bricks with roofs of wood, stone and clay, he said, the hope of finding survivors at this point is slim.

‘When all of that collapses, you don’t have much chance of surviving, because there are no air pockets,’ Fraisse said – a contrast to places where buildings are made of concrete or other strong materials. ‘People are generally suffocated by the dust.’

‘It’s difficult to pull people out alive because most of the walls and ceilings turned to earthen rubble when they fell, burying whoever was inside without leaving air spaces,’ a military rescue worker, who asked not to be named, said at an army centre south of Marrakech near the epicentre.

With many homes fashioned out of mud bricks and timber or cement and breeze blocks, structures crumbled easily in mounds of debris when the quake struck late on Friday evening, without creating the pockets of air that earthquake-ready concrete buildings can provide.

In a region not used to such powerful quakes, even concrete homes or buildings often lack anti-seismic design, experts said, leaving survivors and rescuers to sift through mounds of rubble with hardly any walls left, where homes once stood.

‘This kind of collapse causes greater air tightness due to the types of material, like mud brick,’ Antonio Nogales, coordinator of operations for Firemen United without Borders, a Spanish rescue team on the ground, told Spain’s TVE broadcaster.

‘Steel and concrete facilitate the possibility of survivors, but these (mud and brick) materials (common in Morocco) mean that in the first moments the chances of getting people out alive are reduced,’ Nogales said.

Those who have survived Morocco’s deadliest earthquake in more than six decades have been struggling to find food, water and shelter, amid warnings of the humanitarian disaster worsening.

On Sunday, many across the country were forced to spend a third night in the open after the 6.8 magnitude quake hit late on Friday. 

‘I’m still traumatised by what I experienced yesterday. I’d rather stay here with my wife and six-year-old son than risk death because of a collapsing roof,’ a Marrakech resident called Bilal told Middle East Eye.

In Marrakech, several hundred people who are unable to return home have since set up camp in Place des Ferblantiers, near the south-west of the city and the medina. 

Some stretched out on the central reservation of the city’s main road, Mohamed VI Avenue, while others lay at the foot of their parked cars. 

The earthquake cracked and crumbled parts of the walls that surround Marrakech’s old city, a UNESCO World Heritage site built in the 12th century. 

The city is Morocco’s most widely visited destination, known for its palaces, spice markets, tanneries and Jemaa El Fna, a vibrant square full of food vendors and musicians. 

But once aid crews and soldiers leave, the challenges facing hundreds of thousands who call the area home will likely remain.

The Red Cross warned it could take years to repair the damage caused by the quake.

‘It won’t be a matter of a week or two… We are counting on a response that will take months, if not years,’ said Hossam Elsharkawi, its Middle East and North Africa director.

Members of the Moroccan Parliament are scheduled to convene Monday to create a government fund for earthquake response at the request of King Mohammed VI.

The kingdom has declared three days of national mourning in the wake of the disaster. 

Tourists and locals have described rushing to get out of the buildings they were in and being worried about returning to houses and hotels in the aftermath.

Holidaymaker Mark Chester and his wife Julie from Southampton were in the Medina Gardens hotel in Marrakech when it occurred shortly after 11pm on Friday.

‘We had just gone to bed and we soon realised what was going on,’ recalled civil servant Mr Chester, 56.

‘We ran out of the building and eventually the hotel put beds and sunbeds out on the grass so that people could sleep outside. There was a good spirit of co-operation between the people there, about three-quarters of them British.

‘At about 6.30pm we were allowed back inside, but everyone was still nervous about aftershocks.’ 

Tourists and citizens have reported to hospitals in Marrakech and elsewhere to donate blood for the injured. Among the donors were members of Morocco’s national football team.

Other volunteers organised food and essential goods to help quake victims, after complaints that authorities were slow to respond.

‘Everyone must mobilise,’ said one volunteer, Mohamed Belkaid, 65. ‘And that includes the authorities, but they seem to be absent.’

The education ministry announced that school classes were ‘suspended’ in the worst-hit villages of Al-Haouz province, the quake epicentre.

Some parts of Marrakech’s historic medina and its network of alleyways saw significant damage, with mounds of rubble and crumpled buildings in the World Heritage site.

Videos also show dust emanating from parts of the Koutoubia Mosque, one of the city’s best known historic sites. 

The United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva began its session on Monday with a minute’s silence for the quake victims.

‘We are part of a global collectivity: humanity,’ said Gambia’s ambassador Muhammadu Kah, who proposed the tribute.

The quake was the deadliest in Morocco since a 1960 earthquake destroyed Agadir, killing at least 12,000 people.

Four hikers dead in Mexico after falling 16,400 feet while climbing Pico de Orizaba – an active volcano and the highest mountain in the country

• Hugo Cruz; José Sepagua; Carlos Altamirano; and Humberto Muray were killed during a climbing accident on the Pico de Orizaba in Mexico on Sunday
• Preliminary reports indicated one of the climbers slipped and fell before he dragged the rest of the group with him
• At 18,491 feet above sea level, Pico de Orizaba, also known by its indigenous name Citlaltépetl, is the highest mountain in Mexico 

By Adry Torres For Dailymail.com

Published: 12:11 EDT, 21 August 2023 | Updated: 12:11 EDT, 21 August 2023

Fitch downgrade sends Dow falling more than 100 points after credit agency nixed US government’s top rating over ‘fiscal deterioration’

• Rating agency downgraded US government’s credit rating to AA+ from AAA
• Investors pulled back from riskier assets, including big tech stocks 
• READ MORE: Here’s everything to know and how downgrade could affect YOU 

By Keith Griffith For Dailymail.com and Reuters

Published: 10:15 EDT, 2 August 2023 | Updated: 13:18 EDT, 2 August 2023

Boy, 7, is killed falling off passenger ferry and his mother dies after jumping in to try and save him

• The Swedish ferry, Stena Spirit, was travelling from Sweden to Poland yesterday
• This is a breaking news story, more to follow

By Elena Salvoni

Published: 09:52 EDT, 30 June 2023 | Updated: 10:09 EDT, 30 June 2023

Brit, 20, dies after falling in to a pool ‘at well-known club’ in notorious party resort on Greek holiday island

• Man lost consciousness at 10pm last night in Laganas on Greek island Zakynthos

By Miriam Kuepper

Published: 03:42 EDT, 26 June 2023 | Updated: 11:34 EDT, 26 June 2023

Pictured: Brit, 50, who died after falling down steps at his Lanzarote bar ‘during a fight with ‘troublemaker’ German expat’

• A British man has died in hospital after a fight in Lanzarote, Spain
• A man is being investigated on suspicion of homicide, officials have confirmed 

By Gerard Couzens

Published: 07:49 EDT, 1 June 2023 | Updated: 13:02 EDT, 1 June 2023

America’s plummeting fertility rate may be linked to the over-prescription of antidepressants, experts have warned. 

Since becoming widespread in the 1980s, scripts for the mood-boosting drugs have skyrocketed, with a record nearly one in five adults taking them in 2020 compared to around one in 50 at the turn of the century.

During that time, America has also experienced a sharp decline in fertility rates, reaching a historic low in 2020.  The country’s so-called baby bust has been attributed to a multitude of factors, from changing family values to women focusing on their careers and sedentary lifestyles.

But doctors say the rapid rise of antidepressants could also be tied to the phenomenon.  

Dr Helen Bernie, director of male sexual and reproductive medicine at Indiana University, told DailyMail.com that while side effects of antidepressants such as headaches and digestive issues are well known, there is another that is rarely talked about.

Due to the way that they act on the brain’s neurotransmitters, the most popular type of antidepressant known as SSRIs lower sperm speed and shape, as well as reduce interest in sex, making people less likely to have kids.  

Dr Bernie said the drugs can ‘have a significant impairment on men’s sperm quality,’ which directly impacts their ability to conceive. 

This includes the concentration, how fast sperm moves, and its shape. 

A 2022 meta-analysis in the journal Frontiers in Pharmacology found that SSRIs have ‘a statistically significant impairment on semen quality, such as sperm concentration, sperm morphology, sperm motility,’ the researchers wrote. However, semen volume was not impacted. 

This could contribute to the overall fertility rate in the US, which has been steadily falling for decades. 

In the US, women had an average of just 1.7 children, according to the United Nations’ World Population Prospects, in 2020. In 1970, that rate was 2.3.

The global fertility rate- the average number of children born to each woman- was 2.3 in 2020, compared to 4.7 in 1970. This is a staggering 51 percent drop. 

The rising age of women in the US and falling birthrates have been attributed to women leaving it until later in life to have children to pursue careers, changes in familial values as well as advances in IVF and other fertility treatments.

Other lifestyle factors that can lower libido are also on the rise, including obesity, high blood pressure, poor diet, and sedentary lifestyles.  

But several doctors believe antidepressants could be closely tied to the phenomenon.

Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed type of antidepressant, accounting for up to 70 percent of all antidepressant prescriptions. 

They work by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain, a neurotransmitter that carries signals between nerve cells throughout the body. 

Serotonin regulates several vital functions, including mood, sleep, digestion, memory, and learning. 

SSRIs block serotonin from getting reabsorbed into neurons, or brain nerve cells. This makes more serotonin available to the brain, which can alleviate mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. 

These medications have no bearing on sperm volume, but they can diminish quality. 

‘[SSRIs impact] not only their sperm concentration and their counts for the number of sperm, but it also impacts the sperm motility, or how fast it swims,’ Dr Bernie said. 

SSRIs can also inhibit sperm morphology, or the shape of the sperm needed to penetrate the egg, as well as DNA fragmentation index, the measurement of sperm DNA abnormalities. ‘They do have a significant impact,’ Dr Bernie said. 

A 2020 study in the International Journal of Urology, for example, detailed that men who took SSRIs had just 61 million sperm versus the 184 million from men who didn’t take them.

Dr Bernie said it takes about three months of antidepressant treatment to see an effect due to the sperm’s lifecycle.  

‘Men make sperm every day, they make millions of sperm every day, but it takes about 70 to 90 days to go from a baby’s sperm to a mature sperm that can fertilize an egg,’ she said.

This means that you likely won’t notice any difference until this timeframe. 

Assuming someone has normal reproductive health and no other lifestyle factors contributing to low sperm quality, this decline doesn’t tend to get worse after that initial three months. 

Some research suggests that the SSRI fluoxetine could have a more negative effect than similar drugs. One study, for example, found that fluoxetine higher levels of ‘spermicidal activity’ than sertraline, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and citalopram. 

‘All of them can impact [sperm quality], but it appears that fluoxetine is probably the one that has the highest activity of spermicidal activity causing abnormalities in sperm production,’ Dr Bernie said. 

Quitting SSRIs can reverse these negative effects, but this can be risky to those who need medication to deal with mental health conditions. This is especially true for patients who are having trouble conceiving or feeling anxious about their low fertility.

‘If they’re able to come off the medication for a little bit, then great. If they’re not, we make other lifestyle, behavioral and dietary modifications that we can do,’ Dr Bernie said.

A 2022 review found that human sperm counts have fallen by more than 50 percent across the globe in the last 50 years. 

It’s still unclear exactly what causes this effect, but Dr Bernie said it could be a ‘sperm transport issue.’ 

SSRIs inhibit the transfer of adenosine triphosphate, or ATP. This compound provides energy to the process in many living cells, including sperm. 

If ATP is diminished, sperm is less likely to last long enough to fertilize an egg. 

The Food and Drug Administration has approved several SSRIs for treating depression, including citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram, (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac), paroxetine (Paxil or Pexeva), and sertraline (Zoloft). 

But side effects include reduced interest in sex, erectile dysfunction, and diminished or delayed orgasm. All of these can contribute to lower fertility rates. 

In 2016, an estimated one in six Americans took psychiatric medications, including SSRIs. 

Experts believe this number has increased in recent years as result of the Covid-19 pandemic. A study published last year in the journal Psychiatry Research found that antidepressant use was 20 percent higher in each month of 2020 compared the numbers from 2015 to 2019. 

Data from the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) showed that antidepressant use increased by nearly two and a half times from 2000 to 2020 in 18 European countries. 

Iceland had the highest European rate of SSRI use in 2020, at 153 per 1,000 people, or 15 percent of the population. 

Americans are already having fewer kids than ever before.  

A report from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), a branch of the CDC, reported 3.7 million US births in 2019, a slight decrease from the previous year. 

Researchers found that 52.1 percent of women had at least one child.

This is a fall from 54.9 percent in 2015 – the most recent previous version of the survey – and a massive drop from the nearly 60 percent of under-45 women who were a parent in 2002.

An average US woman under 45 has 1.1 children, down from 1.3 in 2002. 

The fall was even more drastic among men. Just under 47 percent reported being a parent in 2002, but the figure fell below 40 percent in 2019.

Several lifestyle factors can improve and reverse damage done to sperm quality. 

For example, one 2018 study in the journal Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology found that moderate and heavy tobacco smokers had 22 percent worse sperm function than those who smoke lightly or not at all. 

Additionally, a study of 250 men who had their sperm analyzed showed that men who ate higher amounts of fruits, green leafy vegetables, and legumes that higher sperm concentrations and better sperm motility than men who ate less of these foods.

Research from 2020 found that young Danish men who ate a ‘western’ diet, filled with red meat, fried food, and sweetened desserts, had the lowest sperm count. However, men who ate more fruits, vegetables, fish, and chicken had healthier sperm levels. 

‘Fertility is a marker of overall health,’ Dr Bernie said. ‘These things that we can do to improve these levels is something that can be done at any age, any point in life.’